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Cannabis
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Cannabis

Also known as: Spliff, grass, pot, mull, hash, dope, skunk, hydro, 420, ganga, yarndi.

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What is Cannabis?
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What is cannabis? 

The dried leaves and flowers of the cannabis plant contain THC (tetrahydrocannabinol), a chemical which can work as a hallucinogen, depressant or stimulant depending on the individual. The THC in cannabis activates parts of the brain that contain the highest number of receptors, therefore causing the sensation of “high” or “stoned”. It can be smoked, vapourised, inhaled and eaten.

Cannabis also contains cannabidiol (CBD), a non-psychoactive substance that is becoming more commonly used for medicinal purposes. CBD will not produce a high. Other than alcohol and caffeine, cannabis is the most used drug globally and is becoming more common as jurisdictions around the world legalise its use for medicinal or recreational purposes.

Immediate effects

  • Relaxation and euphoria
  • Altered perception
  • Increased heart rate
  • Low blood pressure
  • Paranoia, hallucinations and psychosis
  • Hunger and food cravings (known as ‘the munchies’)
  • Trouble concentrating and slower reflexes
  • Dry mouth
  • Bloodshot eyes

Long-term effects

  • Dependence
  • Increased risk of respiratory illness such as lung cancer and chronic bronchitis
  • Decreased sex drive
  • Mood swings
  • Damage to short-term memory
  • Impaired learning
  • Lowered immune system
  • Frequent heavy use may lead to drug induced psychosis

Reducing Harm

  • Avoid regular use
  • Consider edibles or oils instead of smoking
  • Avoid mixing tobacco with cannabis (such as in a joint)
  • Avoid plastic bottles due to toxic fumes
  • Consider using a vaporizer to reduces tar and carcinogens
  • Avoid inhaling too deeply or holding your breath
  • Avoid synthetic products (such as K2 or Spice)
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How it works with other drugs
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How it works with other drugs

Mixing cannabis with other drugs including alcohol can increase the risk of psychosis, lung disease, and accidents due to intoxication. Combining cannabis with tobacco creates what is commonly called a ‘joint’ and exposes the smoker to carbon monoxide and tar – increasing the risk of cancer of the lungs, throat, mouth or tongue.

Physical risks

Cannabis use can increase the risk of respiratory issues (such as chronic bronchitis and lung cancer) and heart or liver disease. It can also lead to fertility issues by decreasing sperm production and ovulation.

There is also evidence that cannabis increases the risk or presentation of schizophrenia if regularly used during adolescence. Many users also report that they feel cannabis affects their cognitive functioning and ability to concentrate. 

Legal risks

The possession and use of cannabis is illegal in most of Australia, except for the ACT, where personal use has recently been made legal.

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Treatment and support services
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Treatment and support services 

Counselling Online offers free, confidential 24/7 access to trained counsellors who can help you work through your goals and identify services to support you in your area. Have a chat to one of our counsellors if you’re not sure where you’d like to get started. 

For further assistance, check out these services:

If you’re looking for more information about other illicit or prescription drugs, visit the Australian Drug Foundation’s Drug Facts, a comprehensive and straight-forward guide.

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What can I do next?
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What can I do next?

  • Take a self-assessment to help you decide if you should consider seeking help.
  • Get support from others who have been where you are now, in our community forums.
  • Try out some of our tips for making a change — they're simple and suitable no matter your stage in your journey.